Hazardous Metals in Stormwater – Texas (TCEQ) Requirements

As general permits for stormwater discharges are revised, States will attempt to address requirements for impaired waters into the permit requirements. How these requirements are expressed in the permit varies widely from State-to-State. Some States have developed requirements which promote pollution prevention measures.

As one example, the State of Texas has detected levels of selected heavy metals in surface waters which are of concern, and has promulgated numeric discharge standards for “hazardous metals” into the industrial stormwater permit. However, the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) approach is to allow facilities to do a self-assessment for sources of hazardous metals and implement pollution prevention measures to avoid the higher costs of hazardous metal sampling and testing. To be exempted, facilities must certify that:

• Facility does not use a raw material, produce an intermediate product, or produce a final product that contains one of the listed hazardous metals, or


• Any raw materials, intermediate products, or final products which contain a hazardous metal are never exposed to stormwater or runoff, or


• Facility collects and analyses stormwater samples from the facility and the results indicate that hazardous metal(s) are not present in detectable levels.
  

Waivers may be obtained on a metal-by-metal basis, or on an outfall-by-outfall basis. A waiver from hazardous metals monitoring does not exempt the facility from other benchmark monitoring requirements which may apply. [Read more about benchmark monitoring]

Caltha LLP provides support to facilities nationwide on meeting State stormwater permit requirements and developing effective stormwater pollution prevention programs, including SWPPP training and stormwater compliance training programs.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

EPA Proposed Stormwater Eflluent Limits - Comparison To Benchmark Concentration

In December 2008, US EPA published proposed effluent limits for stormwater discharges from construction sites. [Read more about proposed limits] The proposed rules included a numeric effluent limit of 90 NTU. NTUs are a standard measurement of turbidity in water. Turbidity is a measurement of suspended material in the water.

Benchmark values and previous stormwater effluent limits have always been expressed as Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Turbidity is related to TSS, however the relationship between turbidity and TSS is not always direct, and will be affected by a number of different factors.

Stormwater benchmark concentrations for TSS usually range from 100 to 250 mg/L. Using a few typical conversions between NTU and TSS, it is predicted that an effluent limit of 90 NTU will be roughly equivalent to 45 to 65 mg/L expressed as TSS. Therefore, it is projected that the proposed stormwater effluent limit is about one-half the lowest current benchmark concentration for TSS.

Caltha LLP provides expert technical support to dischargers subject to State and EPA stormwater discharge permit, including permitting, SWPPP training, stormwater monitoring, site inspections, and overall compliance program development.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

Knowledge Based SWPPP Training – Texas (TCEQ) Construction Permit Example

Stormwater training requirements in most general permits are prescriptive and require specific documentation to demonstrate compliance. If documentation can be produced that shows an employee received appropriate training, the permit requirement is considered to be met. Most often, training rooster sign-in sheets are used as documentation.

An alternate requirement for SWPPP training is “knowledge-based”, meaning that compliance or noncompliance is determined by what the employee knows and not what training courses the employee has attended.

An example of knowledge-based training requirements is found in the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) general permit for construction stormwater discharge (Permit # TXR150000). In this permit, “training” is only required for personnel responsible to conduct site inspections. No specific training needs to be documented. However, inspectors must be “knowledgeable of [requirements of the] general permit, familiar with the construction site, and knowledgeable of the SWPPP for the site”. Regardless of any specific training inspectors can show, if they can not meet these performance criteria, they may not be considered qualified to conduct inspections.

Although knowledge-based training requirements have the advantage that no specific training documentation is needed, they also require a higher standard for actual knowledge. Employers need to assure that their employees know what they need to know.


Caltha LLP has several training programs created to help Texas contractors meet the performance standards of the TCEQ construction site discharge permit, including several customized programs to meet the requirements of small and medium size contractors in all States.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

Infiltration Basins - Draft Requirement for Retrofit of Existing Basins

UPDATE: On July 6, 2009, MPCA is scheduled to release its proposed Multisector Industrial General Stormwater Permit. In July, Caltha LLP will be hosting seminars in several cities across Minnesota to provide information on the proposed permit and rule changes, and steps facilities can take to reduce their impact.

For more information, go to:

MPCA SWPPP Permit - Industrial Stormwater Permit Reissue Seminars

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On December 18, 2008, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency released a redraft of the Multisector Industrial General Permit (MSGP) currently being written. This version of the permit provides some additional requirements on the design of infiltration basins. [Read more about the regulatory aspects of infiltration basins]


As discussed previously, MPCA has included specific design and monitoring requirements for infiltrations basins. These include several situations and industrial sectors for which infiltration basins are forbidden.

One on the key elements of the MPCA requirements for infiltration basins is the RETROFIT of existing infiltration basins which do not currently meet the new design criteria. Existing infiltrations basins must be upgraded to meet the new requirements within one year of promulgation of the MSGP.

The MPCA MSGP is a work in progress; revisions and additions to the permit continue to be made. Once a draft is completed, the permit will be issued for public comment. Because of the size and complexity of the draft permit (especially compared to the current permit, written in 1997), it is expected that there will be significant public comments.

Caltha LLP provides expert technical support to industrial facilities nationwide subject to stormwater permitting requirements.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

Stormwater Training – Do I Need To Train Contractors?

The question is often asked – does a permitted facility need to provide Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Training (“SWPPP training”) to contractors working on-site?

The answer is in the form of another question – Can the contractor’s actions result in violation of permit conditions and/or non-conformance with the stormwater pollution prevention plan? If yes, then providing some level of training to contractors will be in the facility’s best interest. This training may not necessarily be the same SWPPP Training given to employees. [Read more about contractors and maintaining compliance] [What kind of SWPPP Training is required?]


Requirements for training in State general permits typically refer to employee training only and do not expressly address contractors. However, as the permit holder, the facility has the ultimate responsibility to meet requirements of the permit. Whether violations are caused by the facility employees or by contractors working on site, the result may be the same and the facility could ultimately be held responsible.

Some form of contractor training is likely already occurring. Other regulatory programs, such as the OSHA hazard communication standard, require some level of contractor training. Facilities with an environmental management system (EMS) conforming to the ISO 14001 standard are required to provide training to contractors. Therefore, incorporating SWPPP Training into existing contractor training procedures can be done with very little additional effort.

Caltha LLP provides technical support to develop all required SWPPP Training programs, as well as other environmental training and contractor training programs.

Click here for more information on State-specific SWPPP - Stormwater Training Resources.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

MPCA Stormwater Antidegradation Requirements – Draft Requirements

UPDATE: On July 6, 2009, MPCA is scheduled to release its proposed Multisector Industrial General Stormwater Permit. In July, Caltha LLP will be hosting seminars in several cities across Minnesota to provide information on the proposed permit and rule changes, and steps facilities can take to reduce their impact.

For more information, go to:

MPCA SWPPP Permit - Industrial Stormwater Permit Reissue Seminars

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On December 18, 2008, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) released a redraft of the Multisector Industrial General Permit (MSGP) currently being written. Similar to previous drafts, this version is incomplete. [Read about previous draft of MPCA permit]

One of the important elements of this draft is the proposed antidegradation requirements for stormwater [Read further information on Antidegradation Policies].

Two overall categories are presented to determine potential antidegradation policy status:

All waters of State (Statewide). Any facility that requires an NPDES permit for stormwater discharge AND after January 1, 1988 increased the area of industrial activities by more than 91 acres (by expansion or new construction) must implement specific additional stormwater controls listed in the permit. As currently drafted, this requirement appears to apply retroactively, meaning that a facility that expanded by more than 91 acres anytime after January 1, 1988 could be required to retrofit stormwater controls to meet the new requirements.

Sites Near “Special Waters”. This requirement applies to facilities located within 1-mile of listed special waters, including Lake Superior, upper Mississippi River, lake trout lakes and other outstanding resource value waters. This requirement, as currently drafted, applies to all facilities within 1-mile of these waters, regardless of a “new or expanded” discharge. Facilities currently permitted and in compliance with the MPCA general permit would need to meet all permit requirements, including the listed additional stormwater controls. These permittees could be required to retrofit existing stormwater controls to meet the new requirements.


The MPCA MSGP is a work in progress; revisions and additions to the permit continue to be made. Once a draft is completed, the permit will be issued for public comment. Because of the size and complexity of the draft permit (especially compared to the current permit, written in 1997), it is expected that there will be significant public comments.

Caltha LLP provides expert technical support to Minnesota facilities subject to stormwater permitting requirements.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website

Stormwater Effluent Limits On Construction Site Discharges

On November 28, 2008, US EPA published its proposed revision to the federal requirements on stormwater discharges from construction sites. The key departure in the current proposal from existing requirements is the establishment of New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and numeric effluent limit guidelines (ELG) that will apply to construction sites.

[Read more about the difference between "effluent limit" and "stormwater benchmarks]

[Read more about typical concentrations in stormwater compared to limits]

In June 2008, US EPA published its final general stormwater discharge permit for construction sites. US EPA’s intent is to issue a revised general permit once these new effluent limits are promulgated.

The current proposed rule addresses controls based on size of the construction site:

1. Less than 10 acres. Controls are similar to current approaches.
2. Greater than 10 acres. Sites greater than 10 acres will need to install temporary sediment basins meeting specific design criteria.
3. Greater than 30 acres. For large sites, discharges will need to monitor stormwater discharges and must meet a turbidity effluent limit of 13 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). The effluent limit of 13 NTU is based on the determination that the Best Available Technology (BAT) has been demonstrated to meet this limit. In this case, the BAT is active treatment on-site using injection of polymer into the stormwater to improve precipitation of smaller particles.
   

Does this mean that all large construction sites will need to install active stormwater treatment systems? Not necessarily. Large sites subject to the effluent limit of 13 NTU will need to meet that limit. Sediment basins alone may not be capable of meeting this limit, and if so active treatment, including enhanced precipitation using chemical addition, may be required.

Once the US EPA finalizes the effluent limits for large construction sites, State general permits will likely include these permit limits as they are reissued. US EPA is accepting comments on the proposed Rule through February 26, 2009.


Caltha LLP assists dischargers as they evaluate and address regulatory obligations under State and Federal stormwater permits.

For further information contact Caltha LLP at
info@calthacompany.com
or
Caltha LLP Website